We performed a thickness comparison of current cellphones on the market. On the basis of the results, we developed an optical system with six aspherical lenses, a total optical height of less than 6 mm, and an optical back focus of more than 1.0 mm to analyze and optimize various optical characteristic parameters using a ray tracing simulation program. The software used in this research is the optical simulation program ZEMAX, which is a sequential and nonsequential optical structure design and ray tracing simulation program for simulating the refraction, polarization, diffraction, and reflection of light. In this study, an optical system configuration with six lenses and 12 aspheric surfaces was used. ZEMAX was used to assist in the design of the optical system and aberration analysis, and the optical system was optimized to meet the specifications of the set photosensitive element. The lens was designed using APL5015AL, OKP4HT, and K26R_25 plastic materials, whose parameters are included in the material library of ZEMAX. Sequential ray tracing simulation using these parameters is a way of simulating the movement of light in the imaging optical system, also known as geometric optics. In the simulation of the sequential light, the medium is isotropic and homogeneous, and the light travels in a straight line. The design of the cellphone lens was used in the sequential ray tracing simulation to deal with problems including imaging quality, distortion, relative contrast, and tolerance analysis.