In this paper, a charging and discharging management system for two-set lithium ferrous phosphate (LFP) batteries is proposed. The charging and discharging management system uses a PIC16F1824 controller to control the charging and discharging of two-set LFP batteries by an exchanged control. When the two sets of lithium-iron phosphate batteries are sequentially and completely charged, the charging power can immediately be powered off via the PIC16F1824 controller. The advantage of this is that the LFP batteries can avoid continuous charging, which induces breakdown if charging continues beyond completion. Therefore, the life cycle of LFP batteries can effectively be increased and the probability of electrical accidents can be reduced. Additionally, the charging and discharging management system can also implement the exchanged discharging function of the two-set LFP batteries. When one of the LFP batteries is discharged below a safe voltage, the other can continuously be discharged via the PIC16F1824 controller. Therefore, the proposed charging and discharging management system can rapidly provide power to the LFP batteries. Finally, a prototype of the charging and discharging management system is built to verify its feasibility. Experimental results have confirmed that the proposed battery management system is suitable for applications to two-set LFP batteries with an exchanged charging and discharging management control.