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S&M2759 Research Paper of Special Issue https://doi.org/10.18494/SAM.2021.3481 Published in advance: December 6, 2021 Published: December 23, 2021 Implementation of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms with Dimensionality Reduction Methods for Internet of Things Gait Analysis and Monitoring Systems [PDF] Passara Chanchotisatien and Chanvichet Vong (Received June 21, 2021; Accepted August 24, 2021) Keywords: HAFR, foot and ankle monitoring system, gyroscope, IMU, accelerometer, gait monitoring
In this paper, we present an end-to-end monitoring system, which is used for patients who have foot or ankle impairments. This system has been created to help orthopedic doctors optimize treatment for patients recovering from foot and ankle injuries. The system consists of three main parts: a wearable controlled ankle motion (CAM) boot equipped with inertial and load sensors, a web application that provides visual feedback obtained from sensors, and the implementation of machine learning and deep learning to analyze walking activity and gait. Sensors used on the CAM boot include an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and load cells. Values from sensors attached to the CAM boot are sent wirelessly to the database. The web application takes sensor values from the database and returns visual feedback on the patient’s walking patterns in the form of different graphs. The graphs can be used to analyze and determine abnormalities in the patient’s gait and serve as a visual aid for patients during rehabilitation. Sensor values obtained from the database are used to train machine learning and deep learning models to recognize and differentiate between seven activities performed by the patient. We study and compare three dimensionality reduction methods and six classifiers. As a result, we find that the joint incorporation of the dimensionality reduction method of sparse principal component analysis (PCA) and the classifier random forest (RF) gives the best result with an accuracy of 99.5%.
Corresponding author: Passara ChanchotisatienThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Cite this article Passara Chanchotisatien and Chanvichet Vong, Implementation of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms with Dimensionality Reduction Methods for Internet of Things Gait Analysis and Monitoring Systems, Sens. Mater., Vol. 33, No. 12, 2021, p. 4245-4263. |