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Sensors and Materials, Volume 38, Number 6(4) (2026)
Copyright(C) MYU K.K.
pp. 3457-3470
S&M4513 Research paper
https://doi.org/10.18494/SAM6206
Published: June 26, 2026

GPS Surface Drifter System for Scale-dependent Horizontal Diffusivity Estimation in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean [PDF]

Seongbong Seo, Kyeong Ok Kim, Young-Gyu Park, and Jun Myoung Choi

(Received November 24, 2025; Accepted June 11, 2026)

Keywords: surface drifter, horizontal diffusivity, relative dispersion, pair statistics, northwestern Pacific Ocean

Scale-dependent horizontal diffusivity at the sea surface is a controlling parameter for the trajectory and dilution of soluble pollutants and other tracers. A lightweight, low-cost GPS surface drifter with satellite telemetry, a durable low-profile hull, and a sustained operational lifetime of around two months has been developed, enabling cluster-style releases for pair statistics across a wide range of separation scales. Nineteen units were deployed from research vessel (R/V) Isabu during August and October 2024 at two energetic sites in the seas of the western Pacific and south of Japan. Relative dispersion from the trajectories yields scale-dependent diffusivity that rises from the order of 101 m2s−1 at 10 km to 103 m2s−1 near 100 km, with values of 2.7 × 101 and 9.6 × 102 m2s−1 for the western Pacific site and 4.3 × 101 and 1.7 × 103 m2s−1 for the region south of Japan. The empirically constrained curve for horizontal diffusivity as a function of scale provides a direct constraint for subgrid-scale mixing in coarse-resolution contaminant transport models and demonstrates the field readiness of the new drifter system.

Corresponding author: Jun Myoung Choi


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Cite this article
Seongbong Seo, Kyeong Ok Kim, Young-Gyu Park, and Jun Myoung Choi, GPS Surface Drifter System for Scale-dependent Horizontal Diffusivity Estimation in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean, Sens. Mater., Vol. 38, No. 6, 2026, p. 3457-3470.



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