In this study, the multisource-obtained meteorological and vegetation data were used as basic data, and the distribution of forest biomass in China was dynamically simulated and calculated on the basis of emergy theory. At the same time, the forest ecosystem service value in China was estimated. According to the estimation results of China’s forest ecosystem emergy and the ecosystem service value, the relationship between emergy and the service value of China’s forest ecosystem was established, and the accounting model of China’s forest ecosystem service value was constructed. Finally, the model was used to estimate and analyze the value of forest ecosystem services in China in 1990 and 2009. The results showed that the value density of national forest ecosystem services net increased by 54.46 USD/hm2 from 1990 to 2009. In addition, forest ecosystem destruction was most severe in areas with high urbanization levels, such as Shanghai, Beijing, Jiangsu, Tianjin, and Hebei, followed by the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the northern and central parts of northeast China. Forest destruction was also evident in Guangxi, Tibet, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Ningxia. In other areas, the density of forest ecosystem service values increased to different degrees. The results showed that the density of forest ecosystem service values in many provinces was still decreasing, which indicates that the forest ecosystem was still not fully restored, and human activities had a huge negative impact on the ecosystem.