Young Researcher Paper Award 2025
🥇Winners

Notice of retraction
Vol. 32, No. 8(2), S&M2292

Print: ISSN 0914-4935
Online: ISSN 2435-0869
Sensors and Materials
is an international peer-reviewed open access journal to provide a forum for researchers working in multidisciplinary fields of sensing technology.
Sensors and Materials
is covered by Science Citation Index Expanded (Clarivate Analytics), Scopus (Elsevier), and other databases.

Instructions to authors
English    日本語

Instructions for manuscript preparation
English    日本語

Template
English

Publisher
 MYU K.K.
 Sensors and Materials
 1-23-3-303 Sendagi,
 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0022, Japan
 Tel: 81-3-3827-8549
 Fax: 81-3-3827-8547

MYU Research, a scientific publisher, seeks a native English-speaking proofreader with a scientific background. B.Sc. or higher degree is desirable. In-office position; work hours negotiable. Call 03-3827-8549 for further information.


MYU Research

(proofreading and recording)


MYU K.K.
(translation service)


The Art of Writing Scientific Papers

(How to write scientific papers)
(Japanese Only)

Sensors and Materials, Volume 37, Number 10(1) (2025)
Copyright(C) MYU K.K.
pp. 4335-4346
S&M4185 Research Paper
https://doi.org/10.18494/SAM5766
Published: October 7, 2025

Design and Calibration of a Three-axis Intraoperative Force Sensor for Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty [PDF]

Yusuke Hirai, Yuta Onishi, and Masaru Higa

(Received June 2, 2025; Accepted July 17, 2025)

Keywords: biomechanics, reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, joint contact force, instrumented prosthesis

Inadequate soft tissue tension around the shoulder joint is the known cause of postoperative complications following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). However, this tension is not currently quantified intraoperatively. Understanding soft tissue tension can help surgeons choose the appropriate implant size and alignment, potentially reducing the risk of complications. To address this, we developed a force sensor that measures joint contact force in the shoulder to estimate soft tissue tension. The force sensor includes strain gauges and a printed circuit board for analog-to-digital conversion. It is waterproof and can be sterilized, making it suitable for use during surgery. In this study, we present the force sensor’s design, results from the finite element analysis of output strain values of a sensing element, and calibration results. The results of the strain analysis showed a strong correlation between the output strain and the applied force, with correlation coefficients above 0.999 across all three axes (X, Y, and Z). As a result of the calibration, the correlation coefficients were 0.8284 on the X-axis, 0.8078 on the Y-axis, and 0.9413 on the Z-axis. The maximum errors were 8.5 N on the X-axis, −13 N on the Y-axis, and −6.1 N on the Z-axis. Although the errors are large, this force sensor is useful for quantifying soft tension tissue during RTSA.

Corresponding author: Yusuke Hirai


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Cite this article
Yusuke Hirai, Yuta Onishi, and Masaru Higa , Design and Calibration of a Three-axis Intraoperative Force Sensor for Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty, Sens. Mater., Vol. 37, No. 10, 2025, p. 4335-4346.



Forthcoming Regular Issues


Forthcoming Special Issues

Special Issue on Signal Collection, Processing, and System Integration in Automation Applications 2026
Guest editor, Hsiung-Cheng Lin (National Chin-Yi University of Technology), Ming-Te Chen (National Chin-Yi University of Technology), and Chin-Yi Cheng (National Yunlin University of Science and Technology)
Call for paper


Special Issue on Advanced GeoAI for Smart Cities: Novel Data Modeling with Multi-source Sensor Data
Guest editor, Prof. Changfeng Jing (China University of Geosciences Beijing)
Call for paper


Special Issue on Advanced Sensor Application Development
Guest editor, Shih-Chen Shi (National Cheng Kung University) and Tao-Hsing Chen (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology)
Call for paper


Special Issue on Mobile Computing and Ubiquitous Networking for Smart Society
Guest editor, Akira Uchiyama (The University of Osaka) and Jaehoon Paul Jeong (Sungkyunkwan University)
Call for paper


Special Issue on Advanced Materials and Technologies for Sensor and Artificial- Intelligence-of-Things Applications (Selected Papers from ICASI 2026)
Guest editor, Sheng-Joue Young (National Yunlin University of Science and Technology)
Conference website
Call for paper


Special Issue on Biosensing Devices
Guest editor, Kiyotaka Sasagawa (Nara Institute of Science and Technology)
Call for paper


Copyright(C) MYU K.K. All Rights Reserved.