In this study, we aim to investigate the impact of robotics on students’ language learning and collaboration in college English education. Utilizing a quantitative research design, we collected data from 121 students through surveys, and the perceived usefulness, engagement, collaboration, and language learning of robotics were assessed. The participants’ scores were 3.6512 on average for perceived usefulness and relevance and 3.7537 for collaborative learning with robots. The regression model indicated that engagement and motivation influenced perceived usefulness significantly (B = 0.321, p < 0.001). The results of this study indicated that robotics positively influenced language learning acquisition and fostered student collaboration in class. Robotics integrated into language education led to increased educational outcomes and ensured the effectiveness of robot-assisted language learning (RALL) in higher education. The results also provide important information for understanding and verifying the role of robotics in language education. Therefore, educators need to adopt innovative technology such as robotics to increase students’ engagement in learning to enhance their English proficiency.